Farmland farming is a special agricultural system in China that uses the farming strategy as a national policy, independent grain and ignores other agricultural components. Farmland agriculture and urban and rural dual structure almost simultaneously occurred in China has been followed for thousands of years. Has made great contributions to the survival and development of the Chinese nation.
But now people's food structure than before has been a big revolution, meat has accounted for a larger proportion. According to food equivalents, now the bulk of agriculture should be animal breeding, people eat 1, livestock eat 2.5 times the rations. But the reality is that livestock feed is small, mainly by imports. People eat more meat, hard to his food, the results of food can not be sold, and the high cost, because the pursuit of high yield, large water big fat pesticide, toxic and harmful.
For nearly half a century, the social basis of the original farming civilization in our country was forced to disappear, and two major agricultural structural changes occurred consciously or unconsciously. The first time in the 1950s from the small peasant economy to the transition to the cooperative economy as the representative of the planned economy; the second is the 20th century, 90 years from the planned economy to the transition to a market economy, was accidentally occurred in the country worried about the "three rural issues ", The series of industrial crux and social symptoms at the same time show. Its industrial problems for the agricultural side of the supply side and the consumption side of serious dislocation, eventually leading to water pollution, soil pollution, food pollution, agricultural surplus and shortage of coexistence.
These two types of cruelty tells us that farming farming thought based on the "farming civilization" has been difficult to integrate with the post-industrial era, farmland with urban and rural dual structure has come to the end of history. Prairie civilization, marine civilization shows the social impetus can not be ignored.
Since the 18th CPC National Congress, many documents of the Party and the government have repeatedly declared that the third national scale agricultural structure reform is taking part in a number of measures such as adjusting the structure, going to stock, leveraging, and shortcomings. We have always been dependent on the policy of leverage in the cotton industry has been completely ineffective, the rhythm of food leverage has been clearly heard, as oil crops, are looking for no trace.
China's traditional grain, cotton, oil, the three major industrial situation is so critical, but this is the history of urging us to carry out agricultural structural reform signal, we need not too much panic. Because the emerging grass and animal husbandry has begun to dawn, can make full use of international and domestic markets to make reasonable adjustments to the loss of arable land from the grassland agriculture development compensation.
Grassland agriculture, grassland and animal husbandry accounted for a large proportion of the modern large agricultural system, modern grassland agriculture is "grass + n" big agriculture. Here the "n" industry, including forest, fruit, cotton, smoke, miscellaneous and so on. Overall, grassland agricultural structure in the grassland accounted for about 25% of agricultural land, animal husbandry output value of about 50% of the total agricultural output value. This is the main agricultural model of modern developed countries.
Now should not develop the narrow sense of agriculture, but agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and sideline fishing both. Must be a good grass, the more grass is more fat, not the kind of thinner, grassland rotation, virtuous circle, sustainable development. From the results of some of our county-level test zones at the University of Lanzhou, the winter wheat sheep, the grain is not cut, and the mutton has increased, which also shows the importance of agricultural structural reform. I think that the government departments should first choose a few counties to do the model of agricultural structure reform.
The first two agricultural restructuring is unexpected, not fully prepared, not yet get rid of food security is the food safety errors.
We have paid a heavy price for the lack of awareness of the structural reform of agriculture. Now we should move towards the established goal - the grassland agricultural system in a pious manner, a pessimistic mind, and the agricultural modernization that is expected for generations. Not in the "farming civilization" of the new social civilization, which can not ignore the grassland civilization and marine civilization factors involved.
Source: Chinese Science Journal
